· Integrate advanced airway assessment and management strategies in patients with severe facial trauma and airway compromise.

· Demonstrate safe and effective management of impaled objects resulting from motor vehicle crashes while minimizing secondary injury.

· Differentiate expected vs. adverse responses to naloxone (Narcan) administration, including recognition and management of naloxone‑associated pulmonary edema.

· Recognize and manage metabolic acidosis associated with toxic ingestions such as methylene glycol, including early identification of life‑threatening complications.

· Apply legal, ethical, and medical principles when managing patients with Comfort Care Orders (CCO), Do‑Not‑Resuscitate (DNR), and advanced directives.

· Identify clinical findings consistent with pontine hemorrhage and prioritize appropriate prehospital management and transport decisions.